杂环化合物是不可缺少的结构，在自然界中广泛存在并表现出迷人的生物和药物活性。特别地，喹啉酮和异喹啉酮是一类具有多种生物学特性的N-杂环羰基化合物，例如抗疟疾、抗癌、抗肿瘤和除草活性。具有喹啉酮核心的天然产物的一些代表性例子是3- O-Methylviridicatin、Brxipiprazole、Waltherione C、Waltherione D、Japonine 和 Leiokinine A。类似地，含有异喹啉酮作为核心结构的天然产物 Thalflavine、Corydaline、Doryanine、Oxyavicine、Oxynitidine、Ruprechstyril、(+)-Pancratistatin 和 (+) -Pilcamine。由于N具有广泛的生物学和药理学意义-杂环羰基化合物，化学家已被吸引到开发新的合成方法。因此，最近披露了许多报告。因此，本综述强调了主要通过无溶剂条件以及电化学和光化学驱动方法合成喹啉酮的最新进展。此外，包括一些最近开发的用于合成异喹啉酮的方案，主要是在 C-H 活化条件驱动的过渡金属催化剂（例如，Co、Pd 和 Rh 等）下。
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Trending strategies for the synthesis of quinolinones and isoquinolinones
Heterocyclic compounds are indispensable structures that have widespread occurrence in nature and exhibit fascinating biological and pharmaceutical activities. Particularly, quinolinones and isoquinolinones are a class of N-heterocyclic carbonyl compounds with numerous biological properties such as anti-malarial, anti-cancer, anti-tumor, and herbicidal activities Some of the representative examples of natural products possessing quinolinone core are 3-O-Methylviridicatin, Brexipiprazole, Waltherione C, Waltherione D, Japonine, and Leiokinine A. Similarly, the natural products containing isoquinolinone as the core structure of Thalflavine, Corydaline, Doryanine, Oxyavicine, Oxynitidine, Ruprechstyril, (+)-Pancratistatin and (+)-Pilcamine. Due to the vast biological and pharmacological significance of N-heterocyclic carbonyl compounds, chemists have become attracted to developing new synthetic approaches. As a result, numerous reports have been disclosed in the recent past. Therefore, this review emphasizes the recent developments in quinolinones synthesis mainly through solvent-free conditions and electrochemically and photochemically driven methods. Further, comprised of some recently developed protocols for synthesizing isoquinolinones largely under C–H activation conditions driven transition metal catalysts (e.g., Co, Pd & Rh, etc.).